Guides: TypeScript

Haunted is written in TypeScript and should work quite well with existing TS projects.

There are some tricks to defining custom elements in strict type projects that can help.

Properties & Attributes

First, if no properties or attributes are being used, nothing is needed. This will work just fine:

customElements.define('my-app', component(App));

When properties are used, you can specify an intersection type of HTMLElement and your component properties as a generic for component:

interface AppProps {
  userData: UserData;
}

function App({ userData }: AppProps) {
  return html`
    <img src=${userData.portrait} alt="user portait" />
    <p>${userData.name}</p>
  `;
}

customElements.define('my-app', component<HTMLElement & AppProps>(App));

Alternatively, you can extend your Props from HTMLElement:

interface FigurePlusProps extends HTMLElement {
  userData: UserData;
}

function Figure({ userData }: FigurePlusProps) {
  return html`
    <img src=${userData.portrait} alt="user portait" />
    <p>${userData.name}</p>
  `;
}

customElements.define('my-figure', component<FigurePlusProps>(Figure));

Finally, when using component attributes, TypeScript will complain when attempting to add observedAttributes using dot or bracket notation value assignments. Instead, pass them into the component function as a second argument:

interface AppProps {
  firstName: string;
}

function App({ firstName }) {
  return `Hello ${firstName}!`;
}

customElements.define('my-app', component<HTMLElement & AppProps>(App, { observedAttributes: ['first-name'] }));

Using custom elements dynamically

There are circumstances where you might want to use TypeScript to modify your Haunted custom element property values. For instance:

const profile = document.createElement('my-app');
profile.firstName = 'Mortimer';

If my-app is not defined on the HTMLElementTagNameMap, TypeScript will rightly complain that firstName is not a valid property of HTMLElement.

You will need to add the type of your component to the Document Interface to fix this.

declare global {
  interface HTMLElementTagNameMap {
    'my-app': HTMLElement & MyAppProps,
  }
}

Using this in component definition functions

If you need to use this in your custom element, you can describe it as an HTMLElement or a shape that extends an HTMLElement.

function List(this: HTMLElement, { items }: { items: { id: string, name: string }[] }) {
  const handleListItemSelect = (id: string) => () => {
    this.dispatchEvent(
      new CustomEvent("item-change", {
        bubbles: true,
        composed: true,
        detail: { id }
      })
    );
  };